What is softened water equipment

Update time : 2021-09-09 14:29:20

Water softening equipment, as the name implies, is a device that reduces water hardness. It mainly removes calcium and magnesium ions in the water. Generally speaking, it is a device to reduce water hardness. It mainly functions to remove calcium and magnesium ions in water, activate water quality, and sterilize and kill algae. , Anti-scaling and descaling. In the process of softening water, the water softening equipment cannot reduce the total salt content in the water. It is widely used in hot water boiler systems, heat exchange systems, industrial cooling systems, central air conditioning systems and other water equipment systems.

working principle
Since the hardness of water is mainly formed and expressed by calcium and magnesium, cation exchange resins (water softeners) are generally used to replace Ca2+ and Mg2+ (the main components that form scale) in the water. With the increase of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the resin, The effectiveness of resin to remove Ca2+ and Mg2+ gradually decreases.
After the resin absorbs a certain amount of calcium and magnesium ions, it must be regenerated. The regeneration process is to wash the resin layer with salt water in the salt tank to replace the hardness ions on the resin, and then discharge the resin out of the tank with the regeneration waste liquid. The soft exchange function has been restored.
Since the hardness of water is mainly formed by calcium and magnesium and expressed because the hardness of water is mainly formed by calcium and magnesium and the principle of sodium ion exchange softening treatment, the raw water is passed through sodium-type cation exchange resin to make the hardness components Ca2+, Mg2+ and The Na+ in the resin phase exchanges, thereby adsorbing Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the water, so that the water is softened.

work process
Work (sometimes called water production, the same below), backwashing, salt absorption (regeneration), slow flushing (replacement), and fast flushing. All the processes of different softened water equipment are very similar, but due to the actual process or the need for control, there may be some additional processes. Any water softening equipment based on sodium ion exchange is developed on the basis of these five processes (among which, fully automatic water softening equipment will increase the brine reinjection process).

Backwashing: After working for a period of time, the equipment will intercept a lot of dirt brought by the raw water on the top of the resin. After the dirt is removed, the ion exchange resin can be completely exposed and the regeneration effect can be guaranteed. The backwashing process is that water washes in from the bottom of the resin and flows out from the top, so that the dirt intercepted by the top can be washed away. This process generally takes about 5-15 minutes.

Salt absorption (regeneration): The process of injecting salt water into the resin tank. The traditional equipment uses a salt pump to inject the salt water, and the fully automatic equipment uses a dedicated built-in ejector to suck the salt water (as long as the inlet water has a certain pressure) . In the actual working process, the regeneration effect of salt water flowing through the resin at a slower speed is better than that of simply soaking the resin with salt water. Therefore, the softened water equipment is regenerated by the method of slowly flowing salt water through the resin. This process generally requires 30 About minutes, the actual time is affected by the amount of salt used.

Slow flushing (replacement): After the salt water flows through the resin, the process of slowly flushing all the salt in the resin with raw water at the same flow rate is called slow flushing, because there are still a large number of functional groups in the flushing process. Calcium and magnesium ions are exchanged by sodium ions. According to actual experience, this process is the main process of regeneration, so many people call this process replacement. This process is generally the same as the salt absorption time, which is about 30 minutes.

Quick flushing: In order to thoroughly flush the remaining salt, the resin should be flushed with raw water at a flow rate close to the actual work. The final effluent of this process should be soft water that meets the standard. Under normal circumstances, the fast flushing process is 5-15 minutes.

application

Choose different soft water treatment equipment for different applications

1. Scope of application of softened water equipment:

①Heating
②Cooling and replenishing water
③Process water
④Steam boiler
⑤Steel smelting
⑥Chemical and pharmaceutical
2. System water time required by the industry
The system water consumption time is: hourly water consumption, average value, peak value. The equipment can be selected according to the water supply time. If you do not need continuous water supply, you can choose a single-valve, single-tank equipment; if you need continuous water supply, you need to choose a double-bed centralized control or a double-controlled double-bed series softened water treatment device.
3. The hardness of the water source
If the water quality of the same type of water softener is harder, the water production cycle will inevitably be relatively reduced, and the water output will be lower, which leads to frequent regeneration of the softened water equipment and reduces the service life of the resin. In this case, you need to choose a larger model of water softener to increase the volume of the resin.

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